The role of vitamin K: a cross-sectional study of the intake of the menus offered in a nursing home
The role of vitamin K in geriatrics
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.14306/renhyd.26.1.1368Keywords:
Vitamin K, Nursing Homes, Aged, Feeding BehaviorAbstract
Introduction: The aims of the present study were to estimate the vitamin K1 content of the menu offered in a nursing home and its adequacy to the recommendations, to determine its dietary sources and to classify the dishes on the menu.
Material and methods: Cross-sectional descriptive study. The dietary intake of vitamin K1 from the dietary menu offered in a public nursing home (Valladolid, Spain) was studied. The dietary study was performed by estimating the theoretical dietary intake of the basal menu offered during 14 consecutive days consumed by 138 elderly individuals. Vitamin K1 intake was estimated using data from the food composition table of Ortega-Anta et al, 2010.
Results: The mean vitamin K1 intake was 224 (standard deviation, 128 µg/day) with a very similar amount between weeks and a great variation between days (97-586 µg/day). The main source of this micronutrient was vegetables, especially green leafy vegetables (chard, cabbage, lettuce). The vitamin K1 content of the menu offered was more than three times higher (320%) than the adequate intake recommended by EFSA and more than double (249-280%) the AESAN dietary intakes. The food groups that contributed most vitamin K1 to the diet were vegetables (41.7%) and fruits (28.6%). Based on the Nutrition Care Manual classification, dishes were categorised into 4 free of vitamin K1, 23 with low, 13 with moderate and 4 with a high amount of this micronutrient.
Conclusions: In the menu offered in this nursing home, the estimated dietary intake of vitamin K1 was between two and three times higher than recommended (AESAN and EFSA). In the long term, high intakes of vitamin K1 could have health benefits associated with age-related diseases.
References
(1) Elshaikh AO, Shah L, Joy Mathew C, Lee R, Jose MT, Cancarevic I. Influence of Vitamin K on Bone Mineral Density and Osteoporosis. Cureus. 2020; 12(10): e10816-e10816, doi: 10.7759/cureus.10816.
(2) Suttie JW, Booth SL. Vitamin K. Adv Nutr. 2011; 2(5): 440-1, doi: 10.3945/an.111.000786.
(3) Shearer MJ, Fu X, Booth SL. Vitamin K nutrition, metabolism, and requirements: Current concepts and future research. Adv Nutr. 2012; 3(2): 182-95, doi: 10.3945/an.111.001800.
(4) Kyla Shea M, Booth SL. Concepts and controversies in evaluating vitamin K status in population-based studies. Nutrients. 2016; 8(1): 1-25, doi: 10.3390/nu8010008.
(5) Turck D, Bresson JL, Burlingame B, Dean T, Fairweather-Tait S, Heinonen M, et al. Dietary reference values for vitamin K. EFSA J. 2017; 15(5), doi: 10.2903/j.efsa.2017.4780.
(6) AESAN. Informe del Comité Científico de la Agencia Española de Seguridad Alimentaria y Nutrición (AESAN) sobre Ingestas Nutricionales de Referencia para la población española. Rev del Com Científico la AESAN. 2019; 29: 4-68.
(7) Walther B, Karl JP, Booth SL, Boyaval P. Menaquinones, bacteria, and the food supply: the relevance of dairy and fermented food products to vitamin K requirements. Adv Nutr. 2013; 4(4): 463-73, doi: 10.3945/an.113.003855.
(8) Alisi L, Cao R, De Angelis C, Cafolla A, Caramia F, Cartocci G, et al. The relationships between vitamin k and cognition: A review of current evidence. Front Neurol. 2019; 10(March), doi: 10.3389/fneur.2019.00239.
(9) Guigoz Y, Vellas B, Garry PJ. Assessing the nutritional status of the elderly: The Mini Nutritional Assessment as part of the geriatric evaluation. Nutr Rev. 1996; 54(1 Pt 2): S59-65, doi: 10.1111/j.1753-4887.1996.tb03793.x.
(10) Ignacio De Ulíbarri J, González-Madroño A, De Villar NGP, González P, González B, Mancha A, et al. CONUT: A tool for Controlling Nutritional Status. First validation in a hospital population. Nutr Hosp. 2005; 20(1): 38-45.
(11) Mahoney FI, Barthel DW. Functional Evaluation: The Barthel Index. Md State Med J. 1965; 14: 61-5.
(12) Lawton MP, Brody EM. Assessment of older people: self-maintaining and instrumental activities of daily living. Gerontologist. 1969; 9(3): 179-86.
(13) Guralnik JM, Simonsick EM, Ferrucci L, Glynn RJ, Berkman LF, Blazer DG, et al. A short physical performance battery assessing lower extremity function: association with self-reported disability and prediction of mortality and nursing home admission. J Gerontol. 1994; 49(2): M85-94, doi: 10.1093/geronj/49.2.m85.
(14) Lobo A, Saz P, Marcos G, Dia JL, de la Camara C, Ventura T, et al. [Revalidation and standardization of the cognition mini-exam (first Spanish version of the Mini-Mental Status Examination) in the general geriatric population]. Med Clin (Barc). 1999; 112(20): 767-74.
(15) Hernández-Ruiz A, García-villanova B, Hernández EJG, Amiano P, Azpiri M, Montes EM. Description of indexes based on the adherence to the Mediterranean Dietary Pattern: a review. 2015; 32(5): 1872-84, doi: 10.3305/nh.2015.32.5.9629.
(16) Schroder H, Fito M, Estruch R, Martinez-Gonzalez MA, Corella D, Salas-Salvado J, et al. A Short Screener Is Valid for Assessing Mediterranean Diet Adherence among Older Spanish Men and Women. J Nutr. 2011; 141(6): 1140-5, doi: 10.3945/jn.110.135566.
(17) Ortega R, López-Sobaler, AM Requejo R, Andrés P. La composición de los alimentos. Herramienta básica para la valoración nutricional. Departamento de Nutrición, Madrid: Ed. Complutense 2010, pp. 15-81. 2010.
(18) Finnan EG, Harshman SG, Haytowitz DB, Booth SL. Mixed dishes are an unexpected source of dietary vitamin K. J Food Compos Anal. 2017; 64(April): 127-31, doi: 10.1016/j.jfca.2017.04.002.
(19) Altman DG, Gore SM, Gardner MJ, Pocock SJ Statistical guidelines for contributors to medical journals. Br Med J (Clin Res Ed). 1983; 286(6376): 1489-93, doi: 10.1136/bmj.286.6376.1489.
(20) R. A language and environment for statistical computing. Vienna, Austria: R Foundation for Statistical Computing. 2014.
(21) Presse N, Shatenstein B, Kergoat MJ, Ferland G. Low Vitamin K Intakes in Community-Dwelling Elders at an Early Stage of Alzheimer’s Disease. J Am Diet Assoc. 2008; 108(12): 2095-9, doi: 10.1016/j.jada.2008.09.013.
(22) Chouet J, Ferland G, Féart C, Rolland Y, Presse N, Boucher K, et al. Dietary vitamin K intake is associated with cognition and behaviour among geriatric patients: The CLIP study. Nutrients. 2015; 7(8): 6739-50, doi: 10.3390/nu7085306.
(23) Soutif-Veillon A, Ferland G, Rolland Y, Presse N, Boucher K, Féart C, et al. Increased dietary vitamin K intake is associated with less severe subjective memory complaint among older adults. Maturitas. 2016; 93: 131-6, doi: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2016.02.004.
(24) Ibarrola-Jurado N, Salas-Salvadó J, Martínez-González MA, Bulló M. Dietary phylloquinone intake and risk of type 2 diabetes in elderly subjects at high risk of cardiovascular disease. Am J Clin Nutr. 2012; 96(5): 1113-8, doi: 10.3945/ajcn.111.033498.
(25) Palermo A, Tuccinardi D, D’Onofrio L, Watanabe M, Maggi D, Maurizi AR, et al. Vitamin K and osteoporosis: Myth or reality? Metabolism. 2017; 70: 57-71, doi: 10.1016/j.metabol.2017.01.032.
(26) Simes DC, Viegas CSB, Araújo N, Marreiros C Vitamin K as a powerful micronutrient in aging and age-related diseases: Pros and cons from clinical studies. Int J Mol Sci. 2019; 20(17), doi: 10.3390/ijms20174150.
(27) Juanola-Falgarona M, Salas-Salvado J, Martinez-Gonzalez MA, Corella D, Estruch R, Ros E, et al. Dietary Intake of Vitamin K Is Inversely Associated with Mortality Risk. J Nutr. 2014; 144(5): 743-50, doi: 10.3945/jn.113.187740.
(28) Ortega-Anta R, González-rodríguez LG, Lombán BN. Adecuación de la ingesta de vitamina K en una muestra representativa de adultos españoles; condicionantes dietéticos. 2014; 29(1): 187-95, doi: 10.3305/nh.2014.29.1.7019.
(29) Harshman SG, Finnan EG, Barger KJ, Bailey RL, Haytowitz DB, Gilhooly CH, et al. Vegetables and Mixed Dishes Are Top Contributors to Phylloquinone Intake in US Adults: Data from the 2011-2012 NHANES. J Nutr. 2017; 147(7): 1308-13, doi: 10.3945/jn.117.248179.
(30) Yetley EA, MacFarlane AJ, Greene-Finestone LS, Garza C, Ard JD, Atkinson SA, et al. Options for basing Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs) on chronic disease endpoints: report from a joint US-/Canadian-sponsored working group. Am J Clin Nutr. 2017; 105(1): 249S-85S, doi: 10.3945/ajcn.116.139097.
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2020 Ángela Hernández-Ruiz, Belén García-Villanova, Miguel Ruiz-Canela, Esther Molina-Montes, José Antonio López-Trigo, Rosa López-Mongil
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
This journal 