Changes in nutritional status, body composition and associated symptomatology in hospitalized patients undergoing bone marrow transplantation: prospective longitudinal study
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.14306/renhyd.25.2.1098Keywords:
Body Composition, Bone Marrow Transplantation, Nutritional Status, Adverse effectsAbstract
Introduction: Patients undergoing Hematopoietic Stem Cells Transplant or marrow transplantation have several nutritional complications. The objective of the study was to track a description prospectively in hospitalized patients for a transplantation.
Material and methods: 14 patients with an average age of 48.0±9.8 years were recruited.
Results: 28.6% were overweight, 14.3% obese and 57.1% were normally weighted, with an evolution between -0.3±0.3 kg/m2 (normoweight) to -3.1±0.2 kg/m2 (obesity). Variable weight loss of up to 7.3±0.7% was observed in patients with higher Body Mass Index (BMI). Body composition also worsened to hospital discharge, with an evolution of brachial circumference of -1.7±0.4 cm in allogeneic transplantation and -2±4.5 cm in autologous transplantation. A 42.9% of men and 28.6% of women were discharged with an Fat Free Mass Index (FFMI) below the recommendations, increasing from admission in men (from 14.3%). A loss of muscle strength is observed, in allogeneic transplantation of -5.0±1.5 kg in the case of men, and -3.0±0.5 kg in women; -5 kg and -4 kg, respectively. About adverse effects, there was a high prevalence of vomiting (71.4%), nausea (42.9%) early satiety (57.1%); during hospitalization, highlights early satiety (92.9%), nausea (71.4%), vomiting (71.4%), dysgeusia (57.1%), diarrhoea (50%) anorexia (50%).
Conclusion: Patients admitted to bone marrow transplantation are apparently well nourished, and there is a deterioration during hospitalization; it seems appropriate to implement dietary strategies during hospitalization to optimize intake and prevent malnutrition.
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Copyright (c) 2020 Luis Cabañas Alite, José Miguel Soriano del Castillo, Juan Francisco Merino-Torres, Ana Isabel Catalá-Gregori, Jaime Sanz Caballer, José Luis Piñana
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