Dyslipidemia in children and adolescents: determining factors and recommendations for diagnosis and management
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.14306/373Keywords:
Dyslipidemias, Child, Adolescent, Diagnosis, TherapeuticsAbstract
The present article aims to identify the factors and determinants that affect childhood and adolescent dyslipidemia, as well as the existing recommendations on diagnosis, management and clinical follow-up. A narrative review was carried out in PubMed, Web of Science and SciELO of articles published between 2010-2017, in children population, including description of pathology, programs, management and treatment. Found 193 articles. We selected 32 who fulfilled the inclusion criteria, distributed in 2 groups: One of them containing 19 original studies describing factors for the onset of this pathology and the other one lists 13 studies corresponding to recommendations for diagnosis and management. Regarding the determinants of dyslipidemia, overweight and/or obesity in children has been described as the main triggering factor. Although there is progress on recommended treatments and some consensus on the phases of the treatments, there are still no unified recommendations regarding their early detection. Some authors support screening in the entire child population, while others only consider it necessary in children at high risk. First-line treatment is based on dietary changes and physical activity, relegating to pharmacological as the last option.
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