Commercial Dietary Supplements for overweight control: natural sources of easy access, mechanisms of action and adverse effects

Authors

  • Julieth Bellaizac Riascos Semillero de Investigación Indicadores de Calidad, Grupo de Investigación Biotecnología, Calidad Medioambiental y Seguridad Agroalimentaria (BICAMSA), Departamento de Química, Universidad del Cauca, Popayán, Colombia
  • Diana M. Chito Trujillo Grupo de Investigación Biotecnología, Calidad Medioambiental y Seguridad Agroalimentaria (BICAMSA), Departamento de Química, Universidad del Cauca, Popayán, Colombia
  • Maite Rada Mendoza Grupo de Investigación Biotecnología, Calidad Medioambiental y Seguridad Agroalimentaria (BICAMSA), Departamento de Química, Universidad del Cauca, Popayán, Colombia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.14306/renhyd.26.s1.1352

Keywords:

Anti-Obesity Agents, Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions, Obesity, Biological Products, Overweight, Dietary Supplements

Abstract

Introduction: The use of dietary supplements is one of the strategies currently most widely implemented by the population to combat overweight or obesity due to their easy and fast acquisition on Internet, although many of them do not have a scientific support to justifies their effectiveness and safety. This review describes the mechanisms of action and adverse effects of the main supplements for overweight control sold online in the Colombian market.

Material and Methods: In the online shopping platforms: Amazon, eBay, Walmart, Alibaba, Aliexpress and Mercado Libre (Colombia), the most prominent natural sources of dietary supplements were identified (Coffea arábica, Camellia sinensis, Garcinia cambogia, Rubus idaeus, Moringa oleifera, Smallanthus sonchifolius, Cinnamomum verum, Capsicum frutescens L, Cynara scolymus, Zingiber officinale y Hibiscus sabdariffa). A review was carried out following the recommendations proposed by the PRISMA statement. The databases used to search for articles between 2010 and 2020 were ScienceDirect, PubMed, SCOPUS, SciELO, Web of Science and Google Scholar search. A total of 189 references were included.

Results: Bioactive principles (isolated or in extracts) identified into the natural sources such as polyphenols, theaflavins, (-)-epigallocatechin-3-O-galate (EGCG),  (-)-3-O- (3-O-methyl) epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG3), chlorogenic acid, cinnamaldehyde and hydroxycitric acid (HCA) have demonstrated in both, cell cultures and animal models, their ability to regulate energy metabolism, decrease lipogenesis, increase fatty acid oxidation and inhibit their synthesis, regulate food intake, among others. Hepatotoxicity and gastrointestinal problems with mild to moderate symptomatology are the most common adverse effects associated with the consumption of this type of source.

Conclusions: Effect on weight loss of the natural sources studied in this review is scientifically supported with in vitro and in vivo animal tests, but due to the poor scientific support evidenced from randomized controlled clinical trials, further studies are needed to establish the reliability of the findings and to evaluate the safety of the use of dietary supplements derived for the control of overweight.

Author Biographies

Julieth Bellaizac Riascos, Semillero de Investigación Indicadores de Calidad, Grupo de Investigación Biotecnología, Calidad Medioambiental y Seguridad Agroalimentaria (BICAMSA), Departamento de Química, Universidad del Cauca, Popayán, Colombia

Chemistry from Universidad del Cauca. Since June 2020, she has been working as a support researcher in the ID-4486 project of the Bicamsa Research Group in the framework of line of research "Standardization and Validation of Analytical Techniques". 

Diana M. Chito Trujillo, Grupo de Investigación Biotecnología, Calidad Medioambiental y Seguridad Agroalimentaria (BICAMSA), Departamento de Química, Universidad del Cauca, Popayán, Colombia

D. Chito-Trujillo has a B.S. in Chemistry from Universidad del Cauca (2006) and a PhD. in Electrochemical, Science and Technology from Universidad de Lleida (2012). Her research interests are food science and environmental systems. She has been working as a lecturer at the Department of Chemistry at Universidad del Cauca since 2015.

Maite Rada Mendoza, Grupo de Investigación Biotecnología, Calidad Medioambiental y Seguridad Agroalimentaria (BICAMSA), Departamento de Química, Universidad del Cauca, Popayán, Colombia

M. del P. Rada-Mendoza, completed her Bs. Eng in Chemistry in 1994 and her MS degree in Chemistry in 1998, both at Universidad del Valle (Cali, Colombia). She completed her PhD in Food Science and Technology in 2004 at Universidad Autonoma de Madrid (Madrid, Spain). Her research interests include lines such as bioinformatics, environmental quality, and food. She is the Director for the BICAMSA Research Group (A1 in Colciencias), and a Senior Lecturer at the Department of Chemistry.

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Published

2022-01-02

How to Cite

Bellaizac Riascos, J., Chito Trujillo, D. M., & Rada Mendoza, M. (2022). Commercial Dietary Supplements for overweight control: natural sources of easy access, mechanisms of action and adverse effects. Spanish Journal of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, 26(Supl. 1). https://doi.org/10.14306/renhyd.26.s1.1352

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Vol. 26 (2022): (Supl. 1) Food Technology

Section

Review articles

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Copyright (c) 2021 Julieth Bellaizac Riascos, Diana M. Chito Trujillo, Maite Rada Mendoza

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