Whole fruits and inflammatory gene expression: in vivo pilot study in humans

Authors

  • Jhonny Eddison Vargas Hernández Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional de Colombia. Bogota, Colombia.
  • Mauricio Rey Buitrago Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional de Colombia. Bogota, Colombia.

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.14306/renhyd.24.1.746

Keywords:

Fruit, Inflammation, Nutrigenomics, Gene Expression, RNA, Messenger.

Abstract

Introduction: Inquire about the effect of whole fruits intake on the mRNA expression of inflammatory genes in peripheral blood samples of Colombian university students. Materials and methods: Prior to the intervention questionnaires were applied to explore some lifestyle factors. On day 1, all volunteers consumed a test meal. On days 2 to 14, individuals in the control group continued with their usual diet while the participants in the treatment group consumed a daily portion of whole fruits. During the intervention blood samples were collected to determine serum levels of glucose, cholesterol and triglycerides, as well as establishing the mRNA expression of the inflammatory genes TNFR, IL1R, IL6R, TLR2, TLR4 and RELA through the qPCR technique.

Results: The mRNA expression of the RELA gene varies according to the level of stress self-reported by the volunteers. In individuals of the treatment group, mRNA expression of the RELA and IL6R genes is reduced while serum levels of HDL cholesterol are increased.

Conclusions: The intake of whole fruits seems to be a relevant factor in the modulation of mRNA expression of RELA and IL6R genes as well as in the regulation of serum levels of HDL cholesterol. In addition, stress seems to be another key element in the modulation of mRNA expression of the RELA gene.

Author Biographies

Jhonny Eddison Vargas Hernández, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional de Colombia. Bogota, Colombia.

Nutricionista dietista

Magister en Genética Humana

Mauricio Rey Buitrago, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional de Colombia. Bogota, Colombia.

Bioquímico

Magister en Genética Humana

References

(1) World Health Organization. Global status report on noncommunicable diseases [Internet]. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2014 [citado el 25 de noviembre de 2018]. Disponible desde: http://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/148114/9789241564854_eng.pdf?sequence=1

(2) World Health Organization. Global Action Plan for the Prevention and Control of NCDs 2013-2020 [Internet]. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2013 [citado el 25 de noviembre de 2018]. Disponible desde: http://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/10665/94384/1/9789241506236_eng.pdf

(3) Hotamisligil GS. Inflammation, metaflammation and immunometabolic disorders. Nature. 2017;542(7640):177–85.

(4) Egger G. In Search of a Germ Theory Equivalent for Chronic Disease. Prev Chronic Dis. 2012;9:1–7.

(5) Slavin JL, Lloyd B. Health Benefits of Fruits and Vegetables. Adv Nutr An Int Rev J. American Society for Nutrition; 2012;3(4):506–16.

(6) Liu RH. Dietary bioactive compounds and their health implications. J Food Sci. 2013;78(Suppl 1):A18–25.

(7) Mathers JC. Nutrigenomics in the modern era. Proc Nutr Soc. 2017;76(3):265-275.

(8) Stover PJ, James WPT, Krook A, Garza C. Emerging concepts on the role of epigenetics in the relationships between nutrition and health. J Intern Med. 2018;284(1):37-49.

(9) Whitehead AL, Julious SA, Cooper CL, Campbell MJ. Estimating the sample size for a pilot randomised trial to minimise the overall trial sample size for the external pilot and main trial for a continuous outcome variable. Stat Methods Med Res. 2016;25(3):1057-73.

(10) Hermsdorff HH, Zulet MA, Puchau B, Martínez JA. Fruit and vegetable consumption and proinflammatory gene expression from peripheral blood mononuclear cells in young adults: a translational study. Nutr Metab (Lond). 2010;7:42.

(11) University of Florida. Nutrition Questionnaire. Gainesville: University of Florida; c2018 [citado el 25 de noviembre de 2018]. Disponible desde: https://shcc.ufl.edu/files/2011/09/NS-001.pdf

(12) University of Nebraska-Lincoln. Assessment Questionnaire. Lincoln: University of Nebraska-Lincoln; c2018 [citado el 25 de noviembre de 2018]. Disponible desde: https://health.unl.edu/forms/Nutrition.ServicesAssessmentQuestionnaire-04.13.pdf

(13) Ministerio de Protección Social. Encuesta Nacional de la Situación Nutricional en Colombia 2010. 1ra ed. Bogotá D.C.: Da Vinci Editores & Cía; 2011.

(14) Monsalve-Álvarez JM, González-Zapata LI. Diseño de un cuestionario de frecuencia para evaluar la ingesta alimentaria en la Universidad de Antioquia, Colombia. Nutr Hosp. 2011;26(6): 1333-44.

(15) Ministerio de Salud. Guías alimentarias para la población colombiana mayor de 2 años: bases técnicas. Bogotá D.C.: Instituto Colombiano de Bienestar Familiar – ICBF; 1999.

(16) Ministerio de Salud y Protección Social. Perfil nacional de producción y consumo de frutas y verduras en Colombia. Bogotá D.C.: OSAN; 2012 [citado el 25 de noviembre de 2018]. Disponible desde: http://www.osancolombia.gov.co/doc/Perfil_Nacional_Consumo_FyV_Colombia_2012.pdf

(17) Ye J, Coulouris G, Zaretskaya I, Cutcutache I, Rozen S, Madden TL. Primer-BLAST: a tool to design target-specific primers for polymerase chain reaction. BMC Bioinformatics. 2012;13:134.

(18) Untergasser A, Cutcutache I, Koressaar T, Ye J, Faircloth BC, Remm M, et al. Primer3--new capabilities and interfaces. Nucleic Acids Res. 2012;40(15):e115.

(19) Roche. LightCycler® 96 System. Mannheim: Roche Diagnostics; 2016 [citado el 25 de noviembre de 2018]. Disponible desde: https://lifescience.roche.com/documents/LightCycler96_Manual_Version2016.pdf

(20) Tornatore L, Thotakura AK, Bennett J, Moretti M, Franzoso G. The nuclear factor kappa B signaling pathway: integrating metabolism with inflammation. Trends Cell Biol. 2012;22(11):557–66.

(21) Hunter CA, Jones SA. IL-6 as a keystone cytokine in health and disease. Nat Immunol. 2015;16(5):448–57.

(22) Kuebler U, Zuccarella-Hackl C, Arpagaus A, Wolf JM, Farahmand F, von Känel R, et al. Stress-induced modulation of NF-κB activation, inflammation-associated gene expression, and cytokine levels in blood of healthy men. Brain Behav Immun. 2015;46:87–95.

(23) McInnis CM, Wang D, Gianferante D, Hanlin L, Chen X, Thoma M V, et al. Response and habituation of pro- and anti-inflammatory gene expression to repeated acute stress. Brain Behav Immun. 2015;46:237–48.

(24) Aho V, Ollila HM, Rantanen V, Kronholm E, Surakka I, van Leeuwen WM, et al. Partial sleep restriction activates immune response-related gene expression pathways: experimental and epidemiological studies in humans. PLoS One. 2013;8(10):e77184.

(25) Watson NF, Buchwald D, Delrow JJ6, Altemeier WA, Vitiello MV, Pack AI, et al. Transcriptional Signatures of Sleep Duration Discordance in Monozygotic Twins. Sleep. 2017;40(1).

(26) Ulven SM, Foss SS, Skjølsvik AM, Stadheim HK, Myhrstad MC, Raael E, et al. An acute bout of exercise modulate the inflammatory response in peripheral blood mononuclear cells in healthy young men. Arch Physiol Biochem. 2015;121(2):41-9.

(27) Gjevestad GO, Hamarsland H, Raastad T, Ottestad I, Christensen JJ, Eckardt K, et al. Gene expression is differentially regulated in skeletal muscle and circulating immune cells in response to an acute bout of high-load strength exercise. Genes Nutr. 2017;12:8.

(28) Burton KJ, Pimentel G, Zangger N, Vionnet N, Drai J, McTernan PG, et al. Modulation of the peripheral blood transcriptome by the ingestion of probiotic yoghurt and acidified milk in healthy, young men. PLoS One. 2018;13(2):e0192947.

(29) Sagaya FM, Hurrell RF, Vergères G. Postprandial blood cell transcriptomics in response to the ingestion of dairy products by healthy individuals. J Nutr Biochem. 2012;23(12):1701-15.

(30) Holven KB, Retterstøl K, Ueland T, Ulven SM, Nenseter MS, Sandvik M, et al. Subjects with Low Plasma HDL Cholesterol Levels Are Characterized by an Inflammatory and Oxidative Phenotype. PLoS One. 2013;8(11):e78241.

Published

2020-06-13

How to Cite

Vargas Hernández, J. E., & Rey Buitrago, M. (2020). Whole fruits and inflammatory gene expression: in vivo pilot study in humans. Spanish Journal of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, 24(1), 4–19. https://doi.org/10.14306/renhyd.24.1.746