Iron deficiency anemia in sports and preventive dietetic and nutrition interventions

Authors

  • Aritz Urdampilleta Centro Público de Enseñanzas Deportivas. Kirolene. Gobierno Vasco. Asesor Nutricional y Deportivo. NUTRIAKTIVE. Asesoramiento Científico-Técnico para la Planificación Deportiva.
  • José Miguel Martínez-Sanz Asesor Nutricional y Deportivo. NUTRIAKTIVE. Asesoramiento Científico-Técnico para la Planificación Deportiva. Departamento de Enfermería. Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud. Universidad de Alicante.
  • Juan Mielgo-Ayuso Centro Riojano de Nutrición Haro. Dietista-Nutricionista del Club voleibol Haro, La Rioja

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.14306/renhyd.17.4.16

Keywords:

Anemia iron-deficiency, Sports, Athletic performance, Iron intake.

Abstract

Iron deficiency anemia in athletes is a very common condition that leads to reduced physical performance. Athletes are susceptible of falling iron deposits, mainly by an increase in its use, by its loss, or by insufficient intake. The present review aims to establish the basis of current knowledge environment: sports-athletes who have increased risk of anemia, etiology of iron deficiency anemia in the sporting group, providing dietary and nutritional guidelines for its prevention. The databases searched were Pubmed, Scirus and Scielo, as well as the official pages of prestigious organizations, recovering items by keywords: “iron-deficiency anemia”, “sports”, “athletic performance”, “iron intake “or Spanish counterparts. Iron deficiency anemia affects mainly endurance athletes (especially women and marathon) and the members of team sports with high impact (volleyball and handball). Usually secondary anemias from hemolysis and oxidative stress resulting from the practice of sport, but it cases have also been documented by increased iron losses associated with exercise. Dietary and nutritional practices to prevent iron deficiency anemia in athletes should aim to ensure: carbohydrate intake between 60-65% of total energy daily minimum intake of 1.4 g of protein per day and a consumption of 20-40 mg iron daily, separating the intake of the main absorption inhibitors (phytate, tanetos and calcium). You need assessed by analytical iron status of the athlete every 2-3 months.

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Published

2013-12-17

How to Cite

Urdampilleta, A., Martínez-Sanz, J. M., & Mielgo-Ayuso, J. (2013). Iron deficiency anemia in sports and preventive dietetic and nutrition interventions. Spanish Journal of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, 17(4), 155–164. https://doi.org/10.14306/renhyd.17.4.16

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