Nutritional Status, Eating Habits, Physical Activity and Sleeping Hours in Chilean Patagonia students according to the seasons of the year: Observational Study
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.14306/renhyd.25.2.1166Keywords:
Seasons, Sleep, Feeding Behavior, Exercise, Obesity, OverweightAbstract
Introduction:A comparison was made of the nutritional status, eating habits, physical activity and hours of sleep in students from 5th to 8th grade of primary education in a public school in the city of Punta Arenas, Chile, according to the winter and summer seasons, considering the variability weather and sunlight from extreme weather.
Materials and methods:Analytical observational study with a quantitative, longitudinal cohort approach. 105 students of both sexes, whose average age was 11.5 years, were followed over a 7-month period. Two measurements of the four variables under study were made (nutritional status, eating habits, physical activity and hours of sleep). Weight and height measurements were made to obtain the Body Mass Index (BMI) to classify the nutritional status according to BMI / age with the growth patterns recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO). Eating and sleeping habits were evaluated with a self-administered questionnaire and sleeping hours were categorized for age according to the National Sleep Foundation. For the evaluation of physical activity in the students, the Physical Activity Questionnaire for Children PAQ-C was used. Data analysis was performed with the SPSSⓇ Version 22 statistical software and the t-student statistical test for related samples.
Results: There was no significant difference in the nutritional status by season (p.057). Healthy eating habits and physical activity diminished during summer (p> 0, 05).The hours of sleep did not have significant differences in both seasons with an average of 8.3 hours.
Conclusions: Healthy dietary habits and physical activity are altered during the summer. This is possibly associated to school break and there’s no evidence of a direct effect of seasonal nature.
References
(1) Carrasco F, Galgani J. Etiopathogenesis of obesity. Rev med. clin. Condes. 2012; 23 (2):129-135.
(2) Moreno JP, Crowley SJ, Alfano CA, Hannay KM, Thompson D, Baranowski T. Potential circadian and circannual rhythm contributions to the obesity epidemic in elementary school age children. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2019 Mar 7;16(1):25.
(3) Foster G, Kreitzman L. Rhythms of life: the biological clocks that control the daily lives of every living thing. Editor Yale University Press: 2005
(4) Beer K, Steffan-Dewenter I, Härtel S, Helfrich-Förster C. A new device for monitoring individual activity rhythms of honey bees reveals critical effects of the social environment on behavior. J Comp Physiol A Neuroethol Sens Neural Behav Physiol. 2016 Aug;202(8):555-65.
(5) Crowley SJ. Assessment of circadian rhythms. In: Wolfson AR, Montgomery-Downs HE, editors. The Oxford handbook of infant, child, and adolescent sleep and behavior. New York: Oxford University Press; 2013. pp. 204–222
(6) Hughes S, Jagannath A, Hankins MW, Foster RG, Peirson SN. Photic regulation of clock systems. Methods Enzymol. 2015;552:125–143.
(7) Foster RG, Kreitzman L. Rhythms of life: the biological clocks that control the daily lives of every living thing. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press; 2005.
(8) Hastings MH, Reddy AB, Maywood ES. A clockwork web: circadian timing in brain and periphery, in health and disease. Nat Rev Neurosci. 2003;4:649-661
(9) Coomans CP, Lucassen EA, Kooijman S, Fifel K, Deboer T, Rensen PC, Michel S, Meijer JH. Plasticity of circadian clocks and consequences for metabolism. Diabetes Obes Metab. 2015: 17(1):65–75.
(10) Aparicio-Ugarriza R, Rumi C, Luzardo-Socorro R, Mielgo-Ayuso J, Palacios G, Bibiloni MM, Julibert A, Argelich E, Tur JA, González-Gross M. Seasonal variation and diet quality among Spanish people aged over 55 years. J Physiol Biochem. 2018 Feb;74(1):179-188.
(11) Jahns, L., Johnson, L. K., Scheett, A. J., Stote, K. S., Raatz, S. K., Subar, A. F., & Tande, D. Measures of Diet Quality across Calendar and Winter Holiday Seasons among Midlife Women: A 1-Year Longitudinal Study Using the Automated Self-Administered 24-Hour Recall. J Acad Nutr Diet and Dietetics 2016 Sep: 116(12):1961–1969.
(12) Stelmach-Mardas M, Kleiser C, Uzhova I, Peñalvo JL, La Torre G, Palys W, Lojko D, Nimptsch K, Suwalska A, Linseisen J, Saulle R, Colamesta V, Boeing H. Seasonality of food groups and total energy intake: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2016 Jun;70(6):700-8.
(13) Atkin AJ, Sharp SJ, Harrison F, Brage S, Van Sluijs EM. Seasonal Variation in Children's Physical Activity and Sedentary Time. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2016 Mar;48(3):449-56.
(14) Quante, M., Wang, R., Weng, J., Kaplan, E. R., Rueschman, M., Taveras, E. M., Rifas-Shiman, S. L., Gillman, M. W., & Redline, S. Seasonal and weather variation of sleep and physical activity in 12-14-year-old children.Behav Sleep Med- 2017 Oct:17(4), 398–410.
(15) Cullen KW, Liu Y, Thompson D. Diet and Physical Activity in African-American Girls: Seasonal Differences. Am J Health Behav. 2017 Mar 1;41(2):171-178.
(16) Brazendale K, Beets MW, Weaver RG, Pate RR, Turner-McGrievy GM, Kaczynski AT, Chandler JL, Bohnert A, von Hippel PT. Understanding differences between summer vs. school obesogenic behaviors of children: the structured days hypothesis. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2017 Jul 26;14(1):100.
(17) Fonken LK, Nelson RJ. The effects of light at night on circadian clocks and metabolism. Endocr Rev. 2014 Aug; 35(4):648-70.
(18) Government of Chile. Hydrographic and oceanographic service of the navy. Service light and obscurity 2017. (Accedido el 20 mayo 2019). Disponible en: http://www.shoa.cl
(19) Government of Chile,.National Board of School Aid and Scholarships (JUNAEB). Nutritional map 2018. (Accedido el 10 mayo 2019). Disponible en: https://www.junaeb.cl/mapa-nutricional
(20) López F, Martínez J. Meterored.com. Tiempo. (Accedido el 20 mayo 2019). Disponible en: https://www.meteored.cl/
(21) Durán S, Valdés P, Godoy A, Herrera T. Eating habits and physical condition in students of pedagogy in physical education. Rev. Ch Nut 2014 Sep:41 (3): 251-259.
(22) Hirshkowitz M, Whiton K, Albert SM, Alessi C, Bruni O, DonCarlos L, Hazen N, Herman J, Katz ES, Kheirandish-Gozal L, Neubauer DN, O'Donnell AE, Ohayon M, Peever J, Rawding R, Sachdeva RC, Setters B, Vitiello MV, Ware JC, Adams Hillard PJ. National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary. Sleep Health. 2015 Mar;1(1):40-43
(23) Manchola-González J, Bagur-Calafat C, Girabent-Farrés M. Reliability of the Spanish version of the PAQ-C / Reliability of the Spanish Version of Questionnaire of Physical Activity PAQ-C. 2017. Disponible en: https://revistas.uam.es/rimcafd/article/view/736
(24) Lamb ML, Cesani MF. Growth, nutritional status and body composition: a cross-sectional study on the manifestations of sexual dimorphism in schoolchildren from Tucumán, Argentina. Rev Esp Nutr Hum Diet. 2020 Oct 24; (1): 50-60.
(25) Ministry of Health, Government of Chile. Standard for the nutritional assessment of children and adolescents from 5 to 19 years of age. Disponible en https://www.previenesalud.cl/assets/PDF/normas/2016-norma-evaluacion-nutricional
(26) Aravena, P, Mansilla, A, Pangue, A, Needham, V, Muñoz, C. Nutritional status and hours of sleep in elementary school students in the city of Punta Arenas, 2016. Rev Chil Nutr. 2017 Jun: 44 (3): 270-275.
(27) Kain J, Andrade M. Characteristics of the diet and pattern of physical activity in obese Chilean preschoolers. Nutr Res.1999 Feb :19(2):203-215.
(28) Rebolledo A, Atalah E, Herrera P, Araya H, Castillo C. Eating habits in INTEGRA preschool children. Rev Chil Nutr (1996): 24-43.
(29) Ogden CL, Carroll MD, Lawman HG, Fryar CD, Kruszon-Moran D, Kit BK, Flegal KM. Trends in Obesity Prevalence Among Children and Adolescents in the United States, 1988-1994 Through 2013-2014. JAMA. 2016 Jun 7;315(21):2292-9.
(30) Bibiloni MDM, Fernández-Blanco J, Pujol-Plana N, Surià Sonet S, Pujol-Puyané MC, Mercadé Fuentes S, Ojer Fernández de Soto L, Tur JA. Reversion of overweight and obesity in Vilafranca del Penedès child population: ACTIVA'T Program (2012) Gac Sanit. 2019 Mar-Apr;33(2):197-202.
(31) Spanish Association of Pediatrics. Growth of children until puberty 2019. Accessed July 20, 2020. Disponible en https://enfamilia.aeped.es/edades-etapas/crecimiento-ninos-hasta-pubertad.
(32) Roenneberg T, Merrow M. The circadian clock and human health. Curr Biol. 2016;26:R432–R443.
(33) Chamorro R, Farías R, Peirano P. Regulación circadiana, patrón horario de alimentación y sueño: Enfoque en el problema de obesidad. Rev Chil Nutr. 2018; 45 (3): 285-92. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.4067/S0717-75182018000400285
(34) Pareja Sierra SL, Roura Carvajal E, Milà-Villarroel R, Adot Caballero A. Estudio y promoción de hábitos alimentarios saludables y de actividad física entre los adolescentes españoles: programa tas (tú y alicia por la salud). Nutr Hosp. 2018;35(N.º Extra. 4):121-9, doi: 10.20960/nh.2137.
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2021 Paola Andrea Aravena Martinovic, Andrea Macarena Mansilla Barria, Melisa Paredes Morales, Carolina Duarte Vidal, Jose Luis Valdebenito Santana
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
This journal 