Promoción de alimentación saludable en restaurantes: investigación cualitativa de estudio de casos colombianos
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.14306/renhyd.23.4.743Palabras clave:
Restaurantes, Dieta Saludable, Servicios de Alimentación, Abastecimiento de alimentos.Resumen
Introducción: La alimentación fuera de casa se ha identificado como uno de los factores que contribuye a la aparición de enfermedades no transmisibles, lo que constituye un problema de salud pública mundial. En este contexto, el presente estudio exploró cómo los restaurantes promocionan alimentación saludable.
Material y métodos: La investigación fue de tipo cualitativo con un diseño basado en el estudio de casos. Se incluyeron 68 establecimientos pertenecientes al Top 100 de restaurantes con mayores ventas en Colombia, ubicados en la ciudad capital. Se realizó observación y revisión documental de contenidos dispuestos por dichos restaurantes en su página web, redes sociales oficiales y menú web entre abril de 2016 y febrero de 2017. El análisis de la información fue realizado para atributos en Epiinfo 7.2 y para información categorizada con el programa Nvivo 11.0
Resultados: De los 68 restaurantes, ocho declararon el desarrollo de acciones de alimentación saludable como parte de su concepto de negocio; no obstante, otros 25 establecimientos también emprendieron acciones en el tema. En mayor medida, se encontró que los restaurantes promocionan alimentación saludable por medio de la oferta de verduras, o por medio de mensajes, en redes sociales, promocionando sus platos saludables.
Conclusiones: Sería beneficioso una aproximación más integral en referencia a la promoción de alimentación saludable en restaurantes. Esto no solo en términos de la oferta, sino también de aquellos mecanismos que persuaden elecciones saludables. Al explorar fueron escasos lo resultados sobre estrategias de precios, campañas o información nutricional. Los resultados expuestos son un aporte al reconocimiento de las características de los ambientes alimentarios colombianos, dada la escasa información al respecto y la necesidad de trabajo en este tema con el sector de la restauración.
Citas
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