El uso de hierbas en pacientes con enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal en Türkiye: Un estudio transversal
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.14306/renhyd.28.2.2364%20Palabras clave:
Enfermedades Inflamatorias del Intestino, Colitis Ulcerosa, Enfermedad De Crohn, Hierbas medicinalesResumen
Introducción: La colitis ulcerosa (CU) y la enfermedad de Crohn (EC), conocidas como enfermedades inflamatorias intestinales (EII), son enfermedades crónicas que afectan a la calidad de vida de las personas y cada vez son más frecuentes en todo el mundo. Este estudio pretende evaluar el uso de productos a base de plantas por adultos diagnosticados de EII en remisión e investigar los factores asociados al uso de productos a base de plantas.
Metodología: Este estudio se realizó con 425 participantes adultos de entre 18 y 65 años (hombres = 154, mujeres = 271) diagnosticados de EII (CU = 295, EC = 130) que fueron remitidos a las consultas externas de gastroenterología de dos hospitales universitarios. Los datos se recogieron mediante un cuestionario dividido en tres partes: sociodemográfica, relacionada con la enfermedad y uso de productos herbales.
Resultados: Las plantas medicinales más utilizadas fueron Zingiber officinale Roscoe (40,5 %), Curcuma longa L. (38,1 %) y Momordica charantia L. (24,2 %). Se observó una diferencia significativa en el uso de productos a base de plantas según la presencia de enfermedades crónicas, además de la EII (p<0,001). El 44,4 % de los participantes no informó a los profesionales sanitarios sobre el uso de estos productos. El uso de productos a base de plantas disminuyó al aumentar la edad (IC95%: 0,946-0,999) y el nivel educativo (para licenciados IC 95%: 0,141-0,857, para posgraduados IC95%: 0,178-0,711) y aumentó al aumentar la duración del diagnóstico (IC95%:1,049-1,134). Además, el uso de productos a base de plantas fue mayor en las personas que no se habían sometido a cirugía relacionada con la EII (IC95%: 1,658-11,628) y que no tenían comorbilidades (IC95%: 1,836-11,607).
Conclusiones: La edad, el nivel educativo, la duración de la enfermedad, haberse sometido a cirugía relacionada con la EII y tener comorbilidades son factores que afectan al uso de productos a base de plantas en estos pacientes. Sin embargo, se necesitan estudios con muestras de mayor tamaño para dilucidar plenamente estas relaciones.
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