Determinar la relación de la calidad de la dieta con el cambio de peso, el índice de masa corporal y la depresión en mujeres sometidas a una gastrectomía en manga: Un estudio descriptivo transversal
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.14306/renhyd.25.3.1181Palabras clave:
Cirugía Bariátrica, Gastrectomía, Índice de Masa Corporal, Depresión, Cambios en el Peso Corporal, Gastrectomía en mangaResumen
Introducción: Este estudio tiene como objetivo determinar la relación de la calidad de la dieta con el cambio de peso, el índice de masa corporal (IMC) y la depresión en mujeres un año después de someterse a una gastrectomía en manga.
Material y métodos: Se trata de un estudio descriptivo transversal con 62 mujeres de 18 a 65 años a las que se les realizó una gastrectomía en manga en un hospital privado y completaron su primer año postoperatorio. Se pidió a los participantes que llenaran un cuestionario sobre el registro de consumo de alimentos de 3 días, las características sociodemográficas y el estado nutricional. Se aplicó el inventario de depresión de Beck (BDI). Se utilizó la razón de adecuación media (MAR) para evaluar la calidad de la dieta.
Resultados: La edad media fue de 33,6 ± 9,5 años. La puntuación media de MAR fue de 76,0 ± 31,8 y la puntuación media de BDI fue de 8,2 ± 6,4. La tasa de pérdida excesiva de peso fue alta en pacientes con buena calidad de la dieta, y las puntuaciones de IMC y depresión fueron bajas (PEWL, IMC> 0,05; PBeck <0,001). Se encontró que la calidad de la dieta se correlacionó negativamente con el peso corporal, el IMC y las puntuaciones de depresión y se correlacionó positivamente con la pérdida excesiva de peso.
Conclusiones: Mejorar la calidad de la dieta puede ayudar a los pacientes a superar la depresión posoperatoria y aumentar el éxito de la pérdida de peso. El seguimiento regular y la orientación proporcionada a los pacientes por dietistas especializados pueden aumentar aún más las tasas de éxito.
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