Necesidades dietético-nutricionales en el tenis: Una revisión narrativa
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.14306/renhyd.25.S1.1029Palabras clave:
Tenis, Sustancias para Mejorar el Rendimiento, Nutrición, Alimentación y Dieta, Suplementos Dietéticos, DeportesResumen
Introducción: El tenis se caracteriza por una gran cantidad de competiciones y escaso tiempo de recuperación entre ellas. Por ello, los jugadores y cuerpos técnicos han empezado a interesarse por el papel que puede tener la nutrición para maximizar el rendimiento deportivo. En la literatura científica no encontramos revisiones narrativas y/o sistemáticas actualizadas sobre nutrición en el tenis. El objetivo de este estudio es mapear, describir y discutir el estado de la ciencia de la nutrición y las prácticas dietéticas para tenistas desde un punto de vista teórico y contextual, para permitir futuras revisiones sistemáticas.Material y métodos: revisión narrativa a través las bases de datos Dialnet, Elsevier, Medline, Pubmed y Web of Science, mediante una estrategia de búsqueda basada en palabras clave separados por conectores booleanos. Se aplicaron una serie de criterios de inclusión/exclusión para seleccionar aquellas investigaciones que respondían al objetivo del trabajo.
Resultados: Las recomendaciones nutricionales sobre la ingesta de carbohidratos varían en función de la carga del entrenamiento, siendo 5-7 g/kg/día para entrenamiento normal y 7-10 g/kg/día para periodos competitivos o de mayor carga. La ingesta recomendada de proteínas se encuentra en 1,8 g/kg/día y 1g/kg/día de lípidos. Respecto a los suplementos que pueden optimizar el rendimiento en tenis encontramos la cafeína, bicarbonato de sodio, creatina y β-alanina, siendo el zumo de remolacha una posible ayuda a contemplar en la planificación dietético-nutricional en tenistas.
Conclusiones: Es posible optimizar el rendimiento y la salud del tenista mediante una periodización adecuada de nutrientes y suplementos, que cumplan las exigencias fisiológicas del tenis.
Citas
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Derechos de autor 2020 Raúl Dominguez, Antonio Jesús Sánchez Oliver, Sandro Fernandes da Silva, Alvaro López-Samanes, José Miguel Martínez-Sanz, Fernando Mata
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