Consumo de café como factor protector contra cáncer oral y faríngeo: análisis crítico de la literatura.
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.14306/renhyd.23.3.650Palabras clave:
Café, Cafeína, Neoplasias de la Boca, Neoplasias Faríngeas, Riesgo.Resumen
La alta y desigual prevalencia de cáncer oral y faríngeo, junto al alto consumo de café a nivel mundial, hacen que se realicen estudios para analizar cómo contribuye el consumo de estas bebidas que contienen metilxantinas, en el riesgo de estas neoplasias, aunque con resultados contradictorios. El objetivo del presente estudio fue comprobar la validez y la aplicabilidad de los resultados con respecto a la efectividad del alto consumo de café en adultos como factor protector del cáncer oral y faríngeo y responder al siguiente interrogante: ¿puede un alto consumo del café en bebida ser un factor protector contra el cáncer oral y faríngeo? Se analizó el artículo de Miranda et al (2017): “El café es protector contra el cáncer oral y faríngeo: una revisión sistemática y meta-análisis". Se encontró una asociación protectora significativa entre el consumo de café y el riesgo de cáncer oral, y faríngeo especialmente (z=2.34, p=0.019, OR=0.72), infiriendo que el desarrollo del cáncer oral en individuos que consumen grandes cantidades de café es 1.45 veces menor que en individuos que consumen poca cantidad o no consumen (OR = .69; 95% IC=.57-.84). No obstante, con las limitaciones metodológicas de los estudios primarios incluidos en la revisión sistemática con metaanálisis, no consideramos suficiente la evidencia actual moderada para recomendar el consumo de altas cantidades de la bebida de café para prevenir cáncer oral o faríngeo en personas adultas.
Citas
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